Internal-combustion engine



Aug. 7, 192s. 1,619,959

E. R. BURTNETT INTERNAL COMBUS'IION ENGINE Filed April 6, 19.26

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Patented Aug. 7, 1928.

UNITED N STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EVER'ETT R. BURTNTLOF LOS `ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, IBY :C1B/ECT ANI) MESNE ,-LSSIGNMENTS, TO` THE AUTOMOTIVE VALVES CORPORATON, 0F RENO,

NEVADA, A CORPORATION.

INTERNAL-Connusrron ENGINE.

' Application filed April 6,

My invention `relates to improvements in internal combustion engines of the two stroke cycle type; and the objects of myimproveinents are; first, to provide a balanced valve for admission of fresh charge into a combustion chamber with a sleeve valve for admission of fresh charge into a *fresh i charge pumping cylinder; second, to afford :facilities for supercharging the combustion chamber with fresh charge. i

A tvv/o stroke cycle internal combustion engine must in anycase have a fresh charge pump of some kind. I prefer to use a piston pump for each combustion chamber and to provide a reciprocating valve tothe combustion chamber which canbe related in stroke movement to the stroke movement of the working piston of a given combustion cha1nber in any time desired Without developing a driving influence upon the said valve adapted to charge admission to thecombus- 'ion chamber and to provide a sleeve valve arranged for reciprocatory movement Within the charge pump cylinder' for the admis sion of fresh charge into the chargevpump cylinder, a sleevevalve adapted for an inlet function onlymay have inlet ports arranged in an annular rovv in the cylinder Wall for the full circumference of the said cylinder Wall and provide the greatest total port area to a given Weight, diameter and stroke nievement in inches. j

lilith the foregoing and other objects iii view, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts that Will be hereinafter more fully described, claimed and illustrated Vin the `accompanying drawingsrin which: i

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectiontaken lengthwise through the center of a unit of -my improved construction. i

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view that graphically illustrates the relative positions of the `crank pins on the crank shaft of my improved engine.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3-3 of Figi.

Fing. 4- is a horizontal section taken on line i i-Jibr Fig. i.

Referring by numerals to the accompany ing; drawings, which illustrate a prac-tical 192e. serial No. 100,042, i

the combustion cylinder, and 11 the fresh charge pumping cylinder, the same may be separately or i integrally formed and arranged side by side with their aires substantially parallel.

The Walls of through which may be circulated a fluid medium such as Water.

The cylinders 10 and 11 surmount a suitable crank case 13 and journaled in suitable main bearings that are formed on the crank case is a crank shaft 111. cranks-15, 16, 17` and `18fornied of the crank shaft, the crank pinl? being arranged 90O in advance rotatively With respect to the` turning direction of the crank shaft of the crank pin 16. The crank pin 15 is arranged substantially 13.5O in advance rotatively relative to the crank pin 1G and the crank pin 18 is arranged substantially 115 in advance i'otatively relative to the crank pin 17.

A secondl and preferably relatively small bore cylinder 19 is formedas a `second cyl inder to the combustion clearance chamber `2Oof the combustion cylinder 10. `Arranged for a reciprocatory movement within the said cylinder 19 is a balanced valve 21, an annular rov,T of fresh charge transfer ports 22 are formed `in the Wall of the cylinder 19. A passage communication between the chant bers Within the cylinders 10 and 19 estab lished by thelateral extension of tliecombustion clearance chamber 20, through the Wall of the cvlinder19` The transfer ports "22 are formed in the cylinder 19 in a 4position headvvard of the pointat which the said communicating passage intersects the bore of the said cylinder 19.

The balanced valve 21 is formed with two skirts and the said valve isari'anged to reciprocate in-a stroke position so that the head end skirt of the balanced valve will enthesecylinders are prefer` ably formed with connected chambers, 12,

rlliere are four i gage the cylinder 19 headward `of the communicating; passage which joins the chambers of the two combustion cylinders 10 and 19.

Afresli charge transfer duct 23 is formed as communicating` passage` between the chamber of the fresh charge pump cylinder 1l. andthe annular row of transfer ports 22.

`arranged as an annular row of charge ad-.p nnssionopemngs though the wall of the fresh charge pump cylinder 11, an 'annular passage 27 is formed around the said annular row of inlet ports formed through the wall of the charge pump cylinder 11 and Yextends to an inlet opening 28, to which may be att-ached .any suitable means of providing the desired fresh charge.

A combustion charge expansion power pistonA 29 is arranged for reciprocatory movementfwithin the combustion cylinder 10. Exhaust ports 3() are formed through the Wallgof the combustion cylinder 10, at a point relative to. the' stroke movement of the power piston 2,91, which will allow the said exhaust ports tobe wholly uncovered and opened only when. the said power piston 2S) is in the position of crank end dead center.

The balanced valve 21 is attached to the crank pin 1,5 of the crank shaft by a conventional connecting rod 31, -the power piston 29 is attached to the'crank pin 1G of the crankshaft by a connecting rod 32, the charge pumping piston 25 is attached to the crank, pin 1'( of the crank shaft by a connectingrod 33, and the sleeve valve 2-t is attac-hed to the crank-pin 18 of the crank shaft by'a connecting rod 311.

To prevent the sleeve valve from being twisted by the angularity of the connecting rod whellrthe crank pin 18 passes ont of the plane of the axes of the stroke of the said sleeve, I provide a Aguide. 35, and a shoe 3G. Theshoe 36, may be attached to the wrist pin 37, of the sleeve valve 1n any suitable manner.

I preferably provide expansion rings in theV face of each of the two skirts of the balanced valve 21 also one or more ex )ansion rings may be arranged-in the head end of the face of the sleeve valve 24, and expansion rings are conventionally applied to the pistonsr25 andv 29.V A spark plug 38, is preferably located in the wall of the inlet valve cylinder to the combustion chamber.

In theV accompanying drawings, I show the balanced valve of the combustion chamber and the sleeve valve of the fresh charge pumping cylinder connected directly to the main crank shaft, crank pins 15 and 18, being provided thereof. It should be understood that anu-auxiliary shaft may be used to impart the necessary reciprocative movement to the said balanced and sleeve valve if desired in preference to their being directly connected to the main cra-nk shaft Without departure from the spiritofthe invention. The. operation of the auxiliary shaft would necessarily he of one to one ratio to the rotation Ispeed ot the main crank shaft since the structure and arrangement of ports are designed to lunction in the operation ol- (he engine in two stroke cycle.

The operation of my improved two .stroke cycle engine is as follows:

Owing to the relative positions of cranks 16 and 17, said crank 1T being 00" in advance of crank 1G in the direction ot crank rotation, the charge pump piston 25 travels relatively D in advance of the power piston 2f)` in stroke n'iovement. Assuming the pistons, valve menihcrs and cranks to be in the` position as illustrated inv the accompanying drawings, the power piston 2f?. at, crunk end dead center. the exhaust portsl 'tl beingr wholly uncovered and open to the combus- -tion chamber, the balanced inlet valve 2l. o1" the combustion chamber is in a posit ion rele.- tiive to the crank pin l5. position -lbo before head end dead center. the balanced valve is moving headnuirdlv and the crank end edcje of the head end skirt of the said balanced valve is at a point in lineI with the crank end edge of the row of charge transfer ports 22. at the moment of opening the said transfer ports by further movement of the said balanced valve headward. At this moment. the charge pump piston 25, is approximately one half headward on the cinnpression .-1tr=.ikc with the crank pin 17, tio which it' is :it tached in the rotary position half way bet wcen head end and crank end dead center.

The exhaust ports have been open for the duration of time correspondingto the time of rotary movement of the crank tti l'rom L15" before crank end dead center to crank end dead center, the position it now oecupies, the residual contents ol' the combustion chamber have escaped to the at moz-pheve to a/sutlicient degree which will have cauccd the pressure within the combustion chamber to have dropped to very near atmospheric.

At this moment. the sleeve valve 21. within the charge pump cylinder 11. is in a position approachine` head end dead center. with the crank pin 18 to which the s id .slcc-.c valve connected in a position in) before head end dead center.

'the head cnil of ilu' said sleeve valve being h cadward oi' the hcu'l end edge of theeharge inlet ports 213, scaling the chamber of the pumpingA c vlinder.

Further movement of the crank .shal't will cause the transfer ports 22 to be opened and the charge pumping piston :3ft to be moved headwardljyv on the conipi'es-'ion stroke, forcing the contents of the charge pump cylii'ider 11 into the combustion c vlinder 10. lVhen the crank 1G has reached a positionV l150 after crank end dead ccnter, the exhaust ports 30. will be closedr` the transfer ports 22 will he fully open and the charge pump piston 2.3 will be :mproachimf head and dead cente with approximately Utl lltfi lltl lilo

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one-eighth ofthe stroke yet to beinade, the crank pin lloeing` at this moment 4:50 belore head end dead center. A

Since the exhaust ports close at this moment, 'further movement et the charge pump piston 25, provides a super-induction ot the liresh charge into the combustion chamber above atmospheric volume. It the ratio et bore and stroke or stroke sweep displacement between the charge pump and the combustion cylinders is such that the movement et the charge pump piston to the point vvhere the exhaust ports areclosed is` equal to the total space et the stroke sweep dis placement oit the power piston Within the combustion chamber and the space of the clearance chamber ot the combustion cylinder, includingr the annular chamber around the balanced inlet valve VWithinthe combustion chamber, the super-induction of 'fresh charge into the combustion chamber will he et a very substantial ratio and without loss ot fresh charge out ot' the exhaust ports.

The transfer ports, 22, will. be closed by the headivard movement ot the balanced valve 2l, at the moment the charge pump piston reaches head end dead center and at which time the power piston 29 within the combustion cylinder l0 is approximately one-halt vvay headward on the compression strolte with the eranlr l@ in a position half Way between crank end and` head end dead centers.

liurther movement ot the cranks develop compression 'Within the combustion Chamber and a suction in the charge pump chamber, 'ivhenfthe charge `puinp piston 25 has moved crankwardlya short distance sul'licient to cause the pressure `within the chamber ot the `charge pump cylinder todrop to atniospheric or a little less When the engineis operated at Ytull throttle opening, thehead end edge oi the sleeve valve 2li will move crankwardly beyond the inlet ports 2G, perinittingg a new charge to be taken into the tharn'e pump chamber.

Jillian the power piston 29, reacheshead enddead center, developing maximum compression Within the combustion chamber, ignition occurs, developing combustion and an expansion period inpower development Within the combustion chamber, driving the power piston`29 cranlrvvards through the cylinder 10, to the point whereby the exhaust ports are again opened. Thus, I have described the Workingr order of the related parte et my improved tivo stroke cycle engine i y tn engine ot my improved `construction is comparatively simple, may be easily machined and assembled, is provided with rugged, postitively actuated and noiseless valvular arrangement 'for controlling the ad mission ot fresh `charge into the charge pumpirre` cylinder and the admission of the fresh charge into `the combustion chamber when `transferred as induction from the pumping `chamber into the combustion chamber.`

y It will bc understood that minor changes in the size,` form and construction o'l`: the

various partsof my improved engine may be v made and substituted 'tor those herein described Without departing from the spirit ot the inventionfthe scope of which is set forth in the appended claims.

I `claim as my invention:

l. In atvvo stroltecycle internal combus- `tion engine, the combination oi a comburtion cylinder, an inlet 'valve cylinder7 a passage connnunieatina between the said inlet valve cylinder and the said combustion cylinder, -a valve ot balanced area exposed to the combustionchamber arranged for reciprocatory movement Within the said inlet valve cylinder, a charge pumpingr cylinder, thev three cylinders being arranged in a row with their aXesparallel and the combustion cylinder being' arranged between the pumping;` cylindcrand the inlet `valve cylinder, an inlet sleeve valve arranged for reciprocatory movement Within the said charge pumping cylinder, a charge pumping piston arranged :for reciprocatory movement within the said. sleeve valve oi tl'iechargre pumping;a cylinder, a series ot ports termed through the Wall ot the said inlet valve cylinder, a duct leading from the `head end of the said charge pumping cylinder to the said ports, said duct being disposed directly above and parallel with the passage that leads trom the combustion chamber to the inlet valve chamber, a second series ofiportstormed through the Wall oit the charge pumping cylinder7 an annular duct extending' trom a source ot sup ply toI `the said .series oli ports formed in the Wall of the charge pumpingl cylinder, means oit actuating the valve et balanced area exposed to the combustion chamber vvhereby the ports termed through the Wall oi the said inlet valve cylinder will be opened and closed in two stroke cycle time by the reeiprocatory movement of the `said balanced area valve `vvitliin the said inlet valve cylinder and means whereby the `sleeve valve Within the charge pumping cylinder will open and close i the series of ports termed inthe Wall ot the said chargepumping cylinder in tivo stroke cycle time by the reciprocatory movement ot `the said sleeve valve. v

i 2. In a tvvo stroke cycleinternal combustion engine,V the combination oit a charge pumping cylinder, a combustion cylinder, an inlet valve cylinder adapted to the combustion cylinder, the three cylinders being arranged in a roiv With their axes parallel and With the piston valve cylinder on the opposite side of the cbmbustion cylinder from the pumping cylinder, a valve of balanced area exposed to the combustion chamber arranged lll forreciprocatory movement within the said inlet valve cylinder of the combustion chamber, a sleeve valve arranged for reciprocatory movement within the charge pumping cylinder, the said sleeve valve being adapted Vto the valvulartunction oi fresh charge admission to the said charge pumping cylinder, a passage communication between the fresh charge pump cylinder' and the inlet Valve cylinder' 'within' which the balanced area valve is arranged for rcciprocatory movement, a duct leading from thehead end of the combustion chamber to the intermediate portion of the inlet valve chamber,

i and the other ot' the two crank throws of the crank shaft and one of the two crank throws to which the charge pumping pistn is connected being 90D in advance rotatively of the other of the two crank throws of the crank shaft to which the said power piston ot' the combustion `cylinder is connected, -exhaust'ports formed through the wallV of the combustion cylinder, ignition means adapted to the combustion chamber, and means of actuating the said balanced area valveot the combustion chamber and the sleeve valve of the charge pumping chamber in stroke ot reciprocatory movement in stroke time one to one with the stroke time of theA said power and charge pumping y pistons.

3. The combination, a functionally related unit ot three cylinders, a charge pumping cylinder, a` combustion cylinder' and a valve cylinder related to the combustion cylinder which three cylinders are arranged in arow with their axes parallel and with the combustion `cylinder disposed between the pumping cylinder and the valve cylinder, a balanced area valve arranged for reciprocatory movement within the said valve cylinder, a power piston arranged for reciprocatory movement within the combustion cylinder, a sleeve valve arranged ior reciprocatory movement within the charge pumpingl cylinder, a charge pumping piston arranged for reciprocatory movement within the said sleeve arranged within the said pumping;` cylinder, a passage communication between the said valve cylinder related to the combustion cylinder and the said combustion cylinder, a series'ol ports formed through the wall of the said valve cylinder related to the combustion cylinder', a series ot ports tormed through the wall of the charge pumping cylinder, a passage eomn'iuniration between the charge pumping cylinder and the series ol' ports formed through the wall ot the said valve cylinder related to the combustion cylinder whereby the said ports lformed through the wall ot the said valve cylinder related to the combustion cylinder will be open 1d and closed to the said combustion chamber by the said valve member in two stroke cycle time` the two passages lying parallel with each other and one directly above the other within the cylinder head ot the engine, means olf actuating the sleeve,

valve within the charge pumping cylinder whereby the said ports formed through the wall of the charge pumping cylinder will be opened and closed to the charge pumping chamber by the said sleeve valve in two stroke cycle time,

4, In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, a pumping` cylinder, a combustion cylinder and a piston valve cylinder, which three cylinders are arranged in a row with their axes parallelv` a duet leading from the head end of the chamber in the pumping cylinder to the upper portion out' the piston valve cylinder, a duet leading itrom the head end o'l the chamber in the combustion cylinder to the intermediate portion of the pistou rvalve cylinder, the last mentioned duet being disposed directly below the tirst mentioned duct, a balanced piston valve arranged tor reciproeation within the piston valve cylinder, a piston arranged for operation within the combustion (.than'iber. a sleeve valve arranged t'or operation within the pumping chamber` a crankshaft and connections i'rom said piston valve. said pistons and said sleeve valve to said crankshaft.

In testimony whereof, l hereto allix, my si gnature.

EVERETr llUlt'iN lilll. 

